With approximately 500 million Arabs residing in the 22 Arab countries and an estimated 4. million (depending on who’s counting) residing in the United States1,2,3, this diverse group of people linked by their ethnicity, language, culture, and other factors accounts for a not-so-tiny part of the human race. And while they represent just 1.5% of the U.S. population — and African Americans and Hispanics represent roughly 14% and 19%, respectively — there are several justifications for advocating for their distinct inclusion in clinical trials.